Basic Photography Course

PHC Carl Hinkle

302.309

Some areas of a negative that may require burning

in are the dense areas that would otherwise reproduce as
pure white with little or no detail or very light gray in
the print; for example, a bright sky, a white uniform, a
white cake, or highlights on a face.

Like dodging, to prevent an outline of the tool from

reproducing, you should keep the tool in constant
motion during the burning-in exposure.

Vignetting

In printing, vignetting is a technique that causes the

image to fade gradually into the background toward the
corners of the print. A vignette effect is produced by
projecting the desired negative image area through a
large hole cut in a piece of cardboard or by dodging the
central image area during part of the exposure time.
When the background is to be printed light, the entire
exposure should be made through the vignetting card.
When the edges of the hole are serrated, the outline of
the vignette will be soft and diffused In most cases, a
soft, diffused vignette produces the most pleasing result.

Head-and-shoulders portraits are usually the most

suitable for vignetting, although vignetting may be
applied to other subjects (fig. 11-15). A photograph with
a light background provides the most pleasing vignette

results. For a head-and-shoulders portrait, the vignetting

card should have an egg-shaped hole cut in it. The
subject in a vignette should be a little smaller than it is
in a straight nonvignetted print. Leave plenty of space
around the image. Balance the head-and-shoulders
image on the paper by leaving more blank paper below
the image than above it. The blank paper at the sides
should be about equal, but less than at the top. As with
dodging and burning in, the vignetting card must be kept
moving during the exposure.

Diffusing

Photographs can be diffused so sharp lines of the

image are softened, subdued, or blurred slightly in the
reproduction. Diffusion can be used to produce a hazy

effect, such as the effect seen on a warm lake in early
morning. In printing portrait negatives, diffusion can be
used to subdue the reproduction of facial blemishes or

wrinkles. The effects of harsh portrait lighting or
retouching also may be softened with diffusion (fig.

11-16).

The best diffused enlargements are made using a

glass diffusing disk placed under the lens of the enlarger.
Other suitable diffusing materials are transparent
cellophane, either smooth or wrinkled, or a piece of
panty hose, or similar fabric. Dark gray or black is
preferable.

Figure 11-16.Head-and-shoulders portrait using diffusing techniques.

11-19

contents

Basic Photography Course

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DOFMaster for Windows On-line Depth of Field Calculator DOFMaster for Mobile Devices On-line Depth of Field Table Hyperfocal Distance Chart Articles FAQ Recommended Books Support Contact Links Home As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.	contents <- previous page next page -> PHC Carl Hinkle 302.309 Some areas of a negative that may require burning in are the dense areas that would otherwise reproduce as pure white with little or no detail or very light gray in the print; for example, a bright sky, a white uniform, a white cake, or highlights on a face. Like dodging, to prevent an outline of the tool from reproducing, you should keep the tool in constant motion during the burning-in exposure. Vignetting In printing, vignetting is a technique that causes the image to fade gradually into the background toward the corners of the print. A vignette effect is produced by projecting the desired negative image area through a large hole cut in a piece of cardboard or by dodging the central image area during part of the exposure time. When the background is to be printed light, the entire exposure should be made through the vignetting card. When the edges of the hole are serrated, the outline of the vignette will be soft and diffused In most cases, a soft, diffused vignette produces the most pleasing result. Head-and-shoulders portraits are usually the most suitable for vignetting, although vignetting may be applied to other subjects (fig. 11-15). A photograph with a light background provides the most pleasing vignette results. For a head-and-shoulders portrait, the vignetting card should have an egg-shaped hole cut in it. The subject in a vignette should be a little smaller than it is in a straight nonvignetted print. Leave plenty of space around the image. Balance the head-and-shoulders image on the paper by leaving more blank paper below the image than above it. The blank paper at the sides should be about equal, but less than at the top. As with dodging and burning in, the vignetting card must be kept moving during the exposure. Diffusing Photographs can be diffused so sharp lines of the image are softened, subdued, or blurred slightly in the reproduction. Diffusion can be used to produce a hazy effect, such as the effect seen on a warm lake in early morning. In printing portrait negatives, diffusion can be used to subdue the reproduction of facial blemishes or wrinkles. The effects of harsh portrait lighting or retouching also may be softened with diffusion (fig. 11-16). The best diffused enlargements are made using a glass diffusing disk placed under the lens of the enlarger. Other suitable diffusing materials are transparent cellophane, either smooth or wrinkled, or a piece of panty hose, or similar fabric. Dark gray or black is preferable. Figure 11-16.Head-and-shoulders portrait using diffusing techniques. 11-19 contents Basic Photography Course <- previous page next page ->	As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.
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