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receive data, and one for a ground. The data is sent or received in the form of bits, one alter another in a series, as shown in figure 3-2. This type of transmission is desirable whenever a computer system is linked to outside peripherals over a long distance, such as remote terminals. simultaneously. Parallel transmission requires nine or ten wires to connect the computer to the peripheral device (fig. 3-2). Seven or eight lines are required for data bits, one or two lines for "handshake" purposes, communicate information back and forth between the peripheral devices and the computer. This information transmission is useful for fast data transfer. The principal drawback is the computer must not be located relatively close to the peripheral device. devices, one at each end. These devices are called MOdulator-DEModulator. A modem converts the signal for transmission over communication lines (I/O reconverts the audio signal back to a digital signal before sending it to the CPU. If this conversion (digital to audio) was not carried out, the digital signal would degenerate during transmission and become garbled. Modems are commonly used to send and receive data over telephone lines, making them a very valuable tool perform simple addition. It is the software that makes everything happen. "Software" may be defined as all the stored programs and routines (operating aids) required to use the capabilities of a computer system systems software and applications software. and support programs designed to coordinate the capabilities of the computer itself. These include programs, such as operating systems, assemblers and compilers, and utilities. and operations. These programs control the execution of other programs. They schedule, assign resources, monitor, and control the work of the computer. These actions are carried out without human intervention. and specific languages. They translate computer programs written in programming language into machine language. A language translator for an assembly language is called an assembler program. Most high-level language translators are compiler machine-usable code after it is entered into the computer. Advanced Photography Course |
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